Python Reference Manual

Python is an interpreted, object-oriented, high-level programming language with dynamic semantics. Its high-level built into the structures of data, combined with the dynamic typing and dynamic binding, it is very attractive for rapid development of applications, and for use as a script language or glue to connect existing components .

Python is simple, easy to learn syntax emphasizes readability and, therefore, reduced the cost of maintaining the program. Python supports modules and packages, a program that encourages modularity and reuse of code. The Python interpreter and extensive standard library are available in source or binary free of charge for all major platforms, and can be freely distributed.

This reference manual describes the syntax and \ semantic core "of language. It is terse, but attempts to be accurate and complete. The semantics of non-essential built-in types of objects and integrated functions and modules are described in the Python Library Reference. For an informal introduction to the language, see the tutorial Python. For C or C + +, two other textbooks exist: Extending and Embedding the Python interpreter describes the high level of know how to write a Plug Python and Python / C API Reference Manual describes the interfaces available in C / C + + in detail.

This reference manual describes the programming language Python. It is not a tutorial. Even if I am being as specific as possible, I chose to use English rather than formal specifications for everything except the syntax and parse.

This should make the document more understandable to the average reader, but leave room for ambiguity. Therefore, if you were from Mars and tried to re-apply Python this document alone, you may guess things and, indeed, you would probably end with the implementation quite a different language. On the other hand, if you use Python and wonder what the precise rules on a particular language, you should definitely be able to find them here. If you want to see a more formal language, you could perhaps volunteer your time or invent a machine to clone :-).

It is dangerous to add too many details of implementation of a reference document language May implementing change, and other implementations of the same working language diferrently May. On the other hand, there are currently only Python application used on a large scale (although there is now a second!), And in particular quirks are sometimes worth mentioning, especially when the implementation imposes new limits. Therefore, you will find short \ application note "sprinkled throughout the text.

Each application Python comes with a number of systems and modules standards. They are not documented here, but in different Python Library Reference document. Some built-in modules are mentioned if they interact meaningfully with the language definition.

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